Air-brush nozzle



Patented May `2 5, 1926.

AUGUSTINE SHEILBURNE, or scorn rAsADENAcaL1ronNIA.

.ArnfBnUsH nozzLE.

Application tiled October 16, 1925.y `Serial No. 62,775.

My invention is an air brush nozzle of the type for projecting p aint or like 'material by means of compressed air and having rotatable fluid and air nozzles adapted to give a straight or a spread-jet of fluid and to move together in changing the plane of the spread jet.

The particular feature of my invention is in the nozzle combining the inner fluid and the outer air nozzle, both mounted for rotary motion. the air nozzle having a partial rotation on the fluid nozzle.

spread offthe jet both nozzles are rotated`\ in the desired direction. The air nozzle also has a slight relative 'movement on the inner fluid nozzle to allow quick changingfrom straight to spread jets.Y

I preferably utilize a pistol type air brush having a bore inthe outer end and with the fluid duct entering at the base oftlie bore and the compressed air near the outei` end.,4 A fluid nozzle with a cylindrical inner portion is mounted in the bore and has washers -to form a fluid tight' seal with seats in the bore. This nozzle preferably has an annular face on which is positioned the air nozzle. This latter is held in proper position by a tightening collar which functions to force the washers on the fluid nozzle tightly a ainst their seats, thus making an air and uid seal.` Cooperative ducts lead from `th`e-air bore into the air nozzle whereby the fluid may have a spread jet.l Rotatiqn lof the airpnozzle with the fluid nozzle shifts the plane of the jet and the air nozzle has a limitingfmovement operated by.the hand to quickly shift the jet from the straight to the spread as desired.

My invention will be more readily understood from the following drawings, in which Fi re 1 is a longitudinal `section of a pisto type of air brush, illustrating my nozzle of this yapplication jon the discharge end thereof.

Flg. 2 is .a horizontal section of Fig. 1l

on the line 2 2 taken in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section of Fig. 1,` on the line 3-3 in the'direction o1 the arrows. Fig. 4 is a positive view of the air jet nozzle piece. j

Fig. 5 is a partial transverse section.. on`

the line 5-'5 of Fig.' 1 in the direction of the arrows, showing the lateral air jets of the stationary and turning nozzle elements inregister to give a spreading jet.

Fig.y 6 is a section similar to Fig. 5, showing the outer air jet nozzle partially ro' tated and out of register, thusy giving a straight jet of paint.

Fig. 7

is a diagrammatic view showing i the nozzle positioned to give a spread of y the jet in a horizontal plane.,

Fig. 8 is a similar View, illustrating the spread in a vertical plane by the rotation of the fluid nozzle and the air nozzle cooperating therewith.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1, the pistol type of air brush has a pistol grip handle 1 with an air duct 2 therethrough and a stock 8 with a longitudinal air passage 1 1, a valve 4 controlling the flow of air vleading into a bore 5 forming an air chamber at the outer end of the stock. A spigot 6 projects downwardly from the stock and/forms the inlet for paint or the material'being sprayed. thisv ending at theback of the fbore. The flow of paint isl controlled by aftaperedl valve plug `7 having a stem 8 operated by.

the trigger 9 as will be hereafter described.

A paint cylinde 10 is mounted in the'bore 5 and is preferably constructed with an inner flange '11, an outer flange 12. the latter having a shoulder 13 around which a gasket 14 may be placed. This gasket is designed stock and a secondv gasket or washer 16 placed on the outside 'of the paint cylinder is adapted to engage the' abutment 17 formed yin the stock. The cylinder 10 is slightly to engage an abutting surface 15 of the providedwith an integrally formed air jet annulus 20, having an aperture 21 therethrough adjacent the outside periphery'of the paint oylinderand alpair of apertures 22 positioned near the outer vedge of the said annulus. These apertures form passages for the air 'controllingvthe jet as hereafter described. The air cylinder has a tapered outer end 23 with a short cylindrical portion 24 forming the nozzle for 't the paint, this nozzle being controlled by the tapered valve plug 7; the stemv of the plug being provided with spider arms 25 sliding on the interior surface-of the aint cylinder and forming an accurate guide. A stuiiing box 26 is formed in the stock to accommodate the sliding movement of the valve stem 8; the latter being adjustably connected to the trigger by the adjusting nut 27 `and a yoke 28, the trigger being swivelly mounted bn the swivel pin- 29 in the "stock and swivelly connected to the yoke `28 by a pin 30. A plunger 31 pressed by the spring 32 operates against the movement of the trigger. 5

The outer end of the stock has screw threads 33 on which are threaded a. collar 34, the latter having a cylindricalouter section 35 with an inwardly turned neck 36. The air nozzle 37 constructed with the rim 38 is machined on the outer surface 39, the innersurface 40 and the edge 41.' The base 42 is also machined. This is to give an accurate l fit with the collar 34 and against the outer surface 43 of the annulus 20; this annulus having a slightclearance 44 between its outer periphery and the cylinder of the -bore forming the air chamber 5. The inner surface 20 of -the rim forms a close fit with the periphery of the annulus 2O but not suiiciently tight to prevent the relative rotation, nor is the .fitpof the outer surface 39 sufficient to prevent the relative rotation of the sleeve 34 and the air nozzle 37.

The air nozzle has a tapered inner surface 45 spaced from the tapered surface46 of the paint cylinder 10 forming a space 47 through which air is discharged through the aperture 21 in the annulus 20. A pair of ducts`48 having lateral outlets 49 are constructed in the prongs 50 of the air nozzle and provide for the lateral air jets.

The air nozzle 37 has projecting from its base 42 a pin 51, the latter fitting in a slot 52 of the 'annulus 20 of the paint cylinder. This allows a limited relative movement of the air nozzle and the paint cylinder.

The manner of assembling and utilizing ply air brush nozzle is substantially as folows:

When the collar 34 is screwed tightly on the threads 33 the neck 36 draws the air nozzie inwardlyy and as lthe base of this latter presses on the annular outer end of the air` cylinder 10 this element is thrust inwardly until the gaskets or washers 14 and 16 form masacre a liquid tight joint between the yanges 11 and 12 of the paint cylinder and the abutment surfaces 15 and 17 'ofthe bore 5 in the stock of the pistol air brush. llt will he noted that the various elements are designed so that there is always a space 53vbetween the inner edge 54 of the rim 38 of the airk nozzle and the outer end.55 of the end of the stock. i j

Wien it is desired to use a straight jet of paint the air nozzle 37 will be adjusted so that the apertures 22 in the annulus 2() 'and the ducts 48 in the air nozzle are out of register;` the dischar e of air being through the aperture 21 andt e space 47 discharging an annular jet of air around the central jet ofY paint.

When it is desired. to give. a spray or spread to the paint, the nozzle 37 is slightly rotated until the apertures 22 and the ducts 48 are in register, thus allowing a flow of air in a cross direction on the central jet. The" pin 51 and the slot 52 give a limited movement and as this'is only of slight extent the spray may be readily and quickly changed from the straight to the spread by the slight rotation of the air jet nozzle. 'lhis may be manipulated by hand or by means of a wrench should'it for any reason stick. It will be understood that the iiow of paint is controlled by the trigger 9 and the How ot v air beingadjusted by meansof the valve 4,.

Figs. 7 and 8 indicate diagrammatically how the plane of the spread of the jet may be readily altered by rotating the air nozzle and the Huid nozzle therewith. Presuming the air brush is operating with a straight jet with the apertures 22 and the ducts 48 out mit of register, then when the air nozzle is otated until these are brought into register,

a spread jet will be given and in this osi-V tion the pin 51 will bei at one end o the slot 2. The 4plane of the spread jet may then be changed Lby further rotating the air nozzle in the same direction. It' is prefer abl-e to have the relative positions of the pin 51 and the slot 52 in regard to the cooperativer apertures 22 and the ducts 48 such-that rotating the air nozzle tends to tighten theA sleeve 34 instead of tending to unscrew' the sleeve. While there is a certain resistance of the packing washers14 and 16 against the respective seats, this may be overcome su# ciently to allow rotation of both the iuidY nozzle and the air nozzle. together and still and fluid tight registering connection with the air nozzle uous register with an air passage to the central jet and air passages through the face of the fluid jetvhaving registering and unjets on rotation of said air nozzle in opposite directions. I 2. An air brush nozzle comprising in combination an air brushl having a fluid jet with a disc-like face, an air jet nozzle rotatably .mounted bearing against Said face and passages through t-he disc-like face leading to the fluid nozzle'and toy the air jet nozzles,

said air jet nozzles being movable out of register by partial rotation of the air nozzle to give a st-raight or a spreading discharge of'the fluid.

3. A n air brush nozzle comprising'in combination an air brush structure having aI stock portion, a passage for fluid, a bore at the end ofthe stock and a passage for air to said bore, a -fluid nozzle mounted in the bore having a straight jet, a partially rotatable air jet nozzle mounted on the face of the fluid nozzle, an'd forming a central nozzle, a passage for air through the face of the fluid nozzle to thecentral nozzle, pas,v sages through the facel of the fluid nozzle adapted to register with ducts through the air nozzle, and means to adjustably secure the air nozzle to the, stock of the air brush,

said'air nozzle bearing against the face of the fluid nozzle.

4. An air brush nozzle as claimedv in claim 3, in which the means to adjustably connect outer flange closing the endfof' the bore,l a -fluid passage through the vstock to the fluid nozzle, an air passage through the stock to said bore, 4an air jet nozzle rotatably mounted on the annular flange of the fluidV nozzle and having lateral air ducts therethrough,l

an air aperture through the annular flange, the air nozzle and the fluid nozzlel being spaced to form an airpassage from the said aperture to the fluid jet, a plurality of apertures through the annular flange adapted to register with the air ducts in the air nozzle and a collar threaded o`n the stock engaging the air nozzle to allow 4rotary movement thereof, said rotary movement shifting-the .apertures through the annular flange and the ducts/inthe air nozzle in and out of register. 6. An air brush nozzle as clailncd in claim 5 having in addition,I a flange on the fluid nozzle, a compressible gasket thereon bear-- ing thercagainst, an abutment on the stock and said air nozzle bearing against the annular flange to compress the gasket on the tightening ofthe sleeve. v

7. An air brush nozzle as claimed in claim 5, in which the. annular flange of the fluid nozzle has an arcuate slot and the air jetl nozzle is provided ,with a pin engaging said slot t allow limited rotary movement to the air jet nozzle. .l

8. An air brush comprising of, an air passage leading to said bore and a fluid passage leading to the base of the said bore, a fluid cylinder having a flange, a compressible gasket bearing against said in combination a stock havmg a bore in the end there-.

flange, an abutment seat formedv inthe base of the bore to support said gasket, the fluid cylinder having a tapered nozzle andan annular outer flange adjacent said nozzle,

an air jet nozzlebearing against the annular outer flange, said nozzle having a plurality of air ducts 'therethrough and being spaced from the tapered fluid nozzle, the said outer flange .having an aperture therethrough adapted to continuously register with the space'between the air nozzle and the fluid nozzle and having a plurality of apertures adapted to register with they air ducts in the'air nozzle and a collar threaded on the stock, said collar engaging the air nozzle to allow rotation thereof and vvherel'S by the collar causes the compression of the gasket through the air. nozzle bearing against the outer flange of thefluid cylin-- der.

9. An air brush body having an air chamber in the outer end thereof, a fluid' nozzle passing through said air chamber, an

l air jet nozzle rotatably mounted on the face of the fluid jet and having a plurality of air ducts therethrough, the face of the wfluid nozzle having apertures to register with the said ducts and an aperture positioned between the air jetnozzle and the fluid nozzle, a collar threaded on the end of the air brush engaging the air nozzle to allow said air nozzle to have slight rotary movement and means operatively connecting the fluid nozzle and the brush body to form a fluid and air-tight connection by the threading of the collar on the air brush body, said collar forcing the air nozzle against part of the fluid nozzle. N

lll

l5 v same in ad]usted position.

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l0. An air brush nozzle comprising in combination a fluid nozzle rotatably mounted 1n an air brush, an air nozzle bearing on the duid nozzle and rotatable thereon,

said 'nozzles being interconnected to be rotatable in unison.

l1. An Iair brushV nozzle as claim 10 in which the Yinterconnecting means allows limited relative rotary movement to change the jet from a straight to a spread type otjet.

12. An air brush nozzle as claimedin claim l() having clamping means securing ,the air nozzle to the airbrush and said air` nozzle bearing on the Huid nozzle to hold "air nozzle rotatably mounted on the said bearingsurface, clamping means to hold the air nozzle on the said face in proper rela-tion to the bore and packing` means associated v`gvith. the fluid nozzle and the bore to form an air and luid seal on operation of the clampingv means.

14. An air brush nozzle as claimed in.

claim 13, in which ithe air and the uid claimed in` naeesnio fnozzle are interconnected by al pin and slot means to restrain their relative movement and the air nozzle being operative to rotate the fluid nozzle.

15. An'air brush nozzle comprising in combination va Huid nozzle rotatably mounted in an air brush, anair nozzle mounted on the fluid nozzle to have partial rotation thereon, air jets cooperative to give a strai ht jet in one position of the air nozzle relatwe to the Huid nozzle and a spread jet in anotherposition and the combined rotation of the 'Huid and air nozzles changing the plane of the spread jet. y

16. An air brush nozzle comprising in combination an air brush stock having a bore in one end, air and fluid passages leading to said bore at substantially opposite ends thereof, a fluid nozzle rotatably mount ed in the bore, an air nozzle bearing against part of the fluid nozzle and mounted for partial rotation thereonpacking means 0p- (erative between the uid nozzle and the bore to forni an air andl fluid-tight seal, means connecting the air nozzle to the .air brush stock, said means forcing a tightening ot 'the pacmng and cooperative air passages from the bore to the air nozzle.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification.

' A. SHELBURNE. 

